HEALTH EDUCATION LEAFLET FOR PREGNANT WOMEN
✅ WHAT ARE THREATENED MISCARRIAGE AND MISCARRIAGE?
- Threatened miscarriage: The pregnancy remains in the uterus, but the mother experiences symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding before 22 weeks of gestation.
- Miscarriage: The fetus is expelled from the uterus before 22 weeks of gestation or when fetal weight is less than 500 g.
⚠️ COMMON CAUSES
- Fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
- Maternal age over 35 years.
- Viral or bacterial infections: influenza, syphilis, Parvovirus B19, gonorrhea, Chlamydia.
- Maternal medical conditions: diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders, lupus.
- Rh blood group incompatibility, coagulation disorders.
🚨 WARNING SIGNS
- Persistent or intermittent lower abdominal pain.
- Bright red or dark brown vaginal bleeding.
- Heavy bleeding with severe cramping pain.
- Passage of tissue or blood clots through the vagina.
👉 If any of these symptoms occur → Seek medical care immediately.
🏥 MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
- Complete rest..
- Hormonal medication as prescribed by doctor.
- Antibiotics in cases of infection.
- Close monitoring with ultrasound examinations.
- In cases of miscarriage: uterine evacuation, uterotonic medications, and antibiotics as indicated.
️CARE AND PREVENTION
- Early antenatal care and regular prenatal check-ups.
- Prompt treatment of maternal medical conditions.
- Hormonal supplementation when indicated.
- Cervical cerclage in cases of cervical insufficiency.
- Avoid heavy physical activity and stress.
- Wait 3–6 months before attempting another pregnancy.
📢 HEALTH MESSAGE
“Early detection – Appropriate treatment – Protecting the health of both mother and baby.”
```