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Gynecologic cancer is often referred to as a “silent fear” among women, as the disease usually develops quietly with few obvious symptoms and is therefore easily overlooked. In many cases, it is only detected incidentally when the cancer has already progressed to an advanced stage, seriously affecting a woman’s health, quality of life, and even survival.

What exactly is gynecologic cancer, what types are there, and what warning signs should women pay close attention to? Let’s explore these questions with Hong Ngoc General Hospital in the article below.

What is gynecologic cancer? Common types

Gynecologic cancer refers to a group of malignant diseases that develop in the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, cervix, ovaries, vagina, vulva, and fallopian tubes.

In many cases, when these abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, they can spread to surrounding tissues and other organs — a process known as metastatic cancer.

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), there are six common types of gynecologic cancers:

• Cervical cancer: The most common type of gynecologic cancer, developing when abnormal cells in the cervix grow uncontrollably and become malignant. It is strongly associated with infection by high-risk HPV types, particularly HPV 16 and 18.
• Endometrial (uterine) cancer: Originates from the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). Common warning signs include abnormal vaginal bleeding after menopause or prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding.
• Ovarian cancer: Often presents with vague and nonspecific symptoms such as bloating, abdominal distension, or indigestion, which are easily mistaken for gastrointestinal disorders. It most frequently affects women over 40 years old, especially those with a family history of ovarian cancer or BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations.
• Vaginal cancer: A rare form of cancer that occurs when malignant cells develop in the lining of the vaginal canal.
• Vulvar cancer: Develops in the external genital area, such as the labia majora, labia minora, or Bartholin’s glands. Early symptoms are often subtle, including small ulcers, lesions, or discolored skin patches.
• Fallopian tube cancer: The rarest type of gynecologic cancer, often misdiagnosed as ovarian cancer due to their close anatomical proximity.

7 warning signs of gynecologic cancer

In its early stages, gynecologic cancer often develops silently and can easily be mistaken for benign gynecologic conditions. However, there are seven warning signs that women should never ignore, as early detection greatly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates.

Abnormal vaginal bleeding

This is one of the earliest and most important warning signs of several types of gynecologic cancers, particularly cervical cancer and endometrial (uterine) cancer.

Abnormal bleeding may include:

• Bleeding outside the menstrual cycle
• Postcoital bleeding (bleeding after sexual intercourse)
• Bleeding after menopause

Pelvic or abdominal pain Persistent or unexplained dull pain in the pelvic or lower abdominal area may indicate gynecologic cancers such as uterine or ovarian cancer. In addition to pain, women may experience a feeling of fullness, heaviness, or pressure in the lower abdomen caused by tumor growth pressing on nearby organs.

Difficulty with urination or bowel movements Symptoms such as frequent urination, painful urination, difficulty urinating, or constipation are often seen in patients with ovarian, uterine, or cervical cancer. In some cases, tumors that press against the bladder or rectum may cause a frequent urge to urinate but only small amounts of urine are passed.

Abnormal vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge that is brown, pink, blood-tinged, or foul-smelling may be an early sign of cervical or vaginal cancer. Particularly in postmenopausal women, the presence of bloody or abnormal discharge significantly increases the suspicion of gynecologic malignancy.

Unexplained weight loss Rapid weight loss, fatigue, and noticeable changes in clothing size are typical signs of many cancers, including gynecologic cancer. If you experience weight loss without changes in diet or physical activity, it is important to seek medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and receive timely management.

Loss of appetite, bloating, and early satiety A rapidly growing tumor in the abdomen can create pressure, leading to symptoms such as bloating, feeling full quickly, and mild digestive disturbances. Persistent bloating accompanied by abdominal or back pain should prompt immediate medical attention to rule out malignancy or tumor spread.

Persistent vulvar itching or burning While often caused by poor hygiene or infection, persistent itching, burning, or swelling in the genital area may also indicate vulvar or vaginal cancer. If these symptoms do not improve with anti-inflammatory or antifungal treatment and are accompanied by ulcers, lesions, or discolored patches of skin, prompt examination by a gynecologic specialist is essential.

What causes gynecologic cancer?

Gynecologic cancers can develop from various factors, with several well-established risk factors increasing a woman’s likelihood of disease, including:

• HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection: HPV is considered the leading cause of cervical cancer and is also associated with other cancers in the genital area. There are more than 100 HPV types, among which HPV 16 and HPV 18 account for over 70% of cervical cancer cases.
• Genetic factors and gene mutations: Women carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations face a significantly higher risk of ovarian and breast cancers. A family history of ovarian cancer — such as a mother, sister, or aunt diagnosed with the disease — further increases this risk.
• Hormonal and endocrine imbalance: Prolonged estrogen exposure, often due to obesity, unsupervised hormone therapy, or late menopause, can heighten the risk of endometrial (uterine) cancer.
• Unsafe sexual activity: Having multiple sexual partners or engaging in sexual intercourse at a young age increases the risk of HPV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases, which are indirect causes of gynecologic cancers.
• Age: The risk of gynecologic cancers rises with age. Cervical cancer is most common in women aged 30–50, while ovarian and endometrial cancers are more frequent in postmenopausal women.
• Unhealthy lifestyle: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and drug use weaken the immune system, increasing susceptibility to cervical cancer. Additionally, a diet low in vegetables, high in animal fat, and lack of physical activity can promote the development of malignant cells.

Is gynecologic cancer dangerous?

Gynecologic cancer does not only affect a woman’s reproductive organs but can also have serious and long-lasting impacts on her physical health, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life:

• Affects fertility and motherhood: Many women diagnosed at a late stage require surgical removal of the uterus, ovaries, or fallopian tubes to eliminate the tumor. This procedure often results in loss of natural fertility and, in some cases, the permanent inability to conceive.
• Life-threatening complications: In advanced stages, cancer cells may metastasize to the liver, lungs, bones, or brain, making treatment more complex and significantly reducing survival rates.
• Impact on general health: Cancer can cause fatigue, severe weight loss, and physical weakness. Treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy may lead to hair loss, nausea, and weakened immunity. Even after recovery, patients often face long-term side effects like osteoporosis, hormonal imbalances, or early menopause.
• Psychological and emotional effects: Feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression are common among women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. Physical changes, hormonal fluctuations, and reduced sexual function can also lead to low self-esteem and strain in intimate relationships, affecting overall happiness and mental health.

Diagnostic methods for gynecologic cancer

Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of treatment and improving survival outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancer. However, because early symptoms are often subtle and nonspecific, many women are diagnosed only when the disease has already progressed to an advanced stage.

To improve early detection, physicians rely on a combination of clinical evaluations and paraclinical diagnostic methods, using multiple approaches to accurately identify and assess the extent of the disease.

Medical history assessment and clinical examination

During the consultation, the doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation that includes:

• Personal and family medical history, especially any history of breast, ovarian, or uterine cancer.
• Details about the menstrual cycle and menopausal status.
• Current symptoms such as abnormal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, urinary disturbances, weight loss, or loss of appetite.

A clinical gynecologic examination allows the doctor to visually inspect the vagina and cervix, and palpate the abdominal and pelvic areas to detect any abnormal masses or enlarged lymph nodes.

Screening tests and early detection methods

Several tests may be recommended when gynecologic cancer is suspected, including:

• Pap smear (cervical cytology): Detects precancerous and cancerous changes in the cervix at an early stage.
• HPV DNA test: Identifies the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) — the main cause of cervical cancer.
• Blood tests: Certain tumor markers, such as CA-125, may be measured to support the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Imaging diagnostics

To determine the location, size, and extent of tumor spread, doctors may recommend:

• Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound: Evaluates the uterus, ovaries, and endometrial lining.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Distinguishes between benign and malignant tumors by providing detailed soft-tissue images.
• Computed tomography (CT scan): Assesses the degree of invasion or metastasis to lymph nodes, liver, or lungs.
• PET-CT scan: Detects distant metastases throughout the body and is used for comprehensive treatment planning.

Histopathological biopsy

Even when laboratory tests and imaging results suggest cancer, a biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis. This is the most definitive diagnostic method, in which a small tissue sample is taken from the cervix, endometrium, ovary, vagina, or vulva for microscopic examination. The biopsy allows pathologists to identify cancerous cells and determine the stage and extent of disease progression, providing essential information for treatment planning.

Treatment of gynecologic cancer

The treatment of gynecologic cancer goes beyond merely removing the tumor — it is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary process that combines various therapeutic approaches to control the disease, prolong survival, and improve quality of life.

The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the type of cancer, disease stage, overall health status, and the patient’s desire for future fertility. 

Surgery: This is often the first-line option, especially in early stages, helping to completely remove the tumor and affected tissues. Many modern oncology centers now perform minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery to reduce trauma and shorten recovery time.

Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy beams such as X-rays, protons, or gamma rays to destroy cancer cells. It can be used alone in early-stage disease or in combination after surgery to lower the risk of recurrence.

Chemotherapy: Commonly indicated for advanced-stage cancer. Anti-cancer drugs are administered systemically to kill cancer cells, including those that have metastasized. However, patients may experience side effects such as nausea, fatigue, and hair loss.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy: These modern treatments directly attack abnormal genes or molecules and stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells, offering improved outcomes with fewer side effects.

Palliative care: Plays a crucial role in improving quality of life, providing psychological, nutritional, and emotional support for both patients and their families throughout treatment.

Pain management in late-stage cancer: Applied when curative treatments like chemotherapy or radiation are no longer effective. This humanitarian approach helps relieve pain, ease fatigue, and maintain a positive outlook for patients in their final stages.

How to prevent gynecologic cancer

Although gynecologic cancer cannot be completely prevented, women can significantly reduce their risk by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, undergoing regular screenings, and taking proactive steps to protect reproductive health. Recommended preventive measures include:

• Get vaccinated against HPV to minimize the risk of infection.
• Have regular gynecologic check-ups and follow recommended cancer screening schedules to detect abnormalities early.
• Practice safe sex — use condoms and limit the number of sexual partners to reduce the risk of HPV and other sexually transmitted infections.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle: eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and keep a healthy weight to strengthen the immune system and slow the growth of abnormal cells.
• Avoid smoking, alcohol, and stimulants to lower cancer risk.
• Treat gynecologic conditions promptly and never ignore warning signs such as abnormal vaginal bleeding or prolonged pelvic pain.
• Take care of mental health: staying positive and balancing work, family, and rest helps support overall well-being from within.

Where to treat gynecologic cancer

Treating gynecologic cancer requires not only a personalized treatment plan but also comprehensive support from medical specialists and care services.

The Oncology Department – Hong Ngoc General Hospital is one of the leading and most trusted medical centers in Hanoi, providing effective, compassionate, and safe treatment solutions for cancer patients.

The hospital brings together a team of highly experienced oncologists and gynecologists, many of whom have worked for years at top national hospitals. From the initial examination stage, each patient receives multidisciplinary consultations to design an individualized treatment pathway tailored to their health condition, cancer stage, and future fertility goals.

With advanced diagnostic imaging and laboratory systems such as the MRI Signa Prima 1.5 Tesla, Voluson Expert 22 ultrasound with integrated AI, and state-of-the-art genetic testing and analysis technology, Hong Ngoc General Hospital accurately identifies the location, size, and extent of tumor spread. Based on these results, doctors determine the most effective treatment approach for each patient.

In addition, the hospital focuses on palliative care, nutritional support, and psychological counseling to help patients maintain good physical condition, mental stability, and a better quality of life throughout treatment.

Patients at Hong Ngoc General Hospital also benefit from a luxurious, five-star hotel–standard environment with full amenities including restaurants, supermarkets, and cafés, ensuring comfort and peace of mind during their stay.

Contact the hotline at 088.646.8306 or 088.662.1046 for consultation.

Note: The information provided in this article by Hong Ngoc General Hospital is for reference only and should not replace professional medical diagnosis or treatment. Patients should not self-medicate. To determine the exact condition, please visit a reputable hospital for direct examination, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment advice from a doctor.

Follow the Hong Ngoc General Hospital fanpage for more useful health information.

Gynecologic cancer is often referred to as a “silent fear” among women, as the disease usually develops quietly with few obvious symptoms and is therefore easily overlooked. In many cases, it is only detected incidentally when the cancer has already progressed to an advanced stage, seriously affecting a woman’s health, quality of life, and even survival.

What exactly is gynecologic cancer, what types are there, and what warning signs should women pay close attention to? Let’s explore these questions with Hong Ngoc General Hospital in the article below.

What is gynecologic cancer? Common types

Gynecologic cancer refers to a group of malignant diseases that develop in the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, cervix, ovaries, vagina, vulva, and fallopian tubes.

In many cases, when these abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, they can spread to surrounding tissues and other organs — a process known as metastatic cancer.

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), there are six common types of gynecologic cancers:

• Cervical cancer: The most common type of gynecologic cancer, developing when abnormal cells in the cervix grow uncontrollably and become malignant. It is strongly associated with infection by high-risk HPV types, particularly HPV 16 and 18.
• Endometrial (uterine) cancer: Originates from the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). Common warning signs include abnormal vaginal bleeding after menopause or prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding.
• Ovarian cancer: Often presents with vague and nonspecific symptoms such as bloating, abdominal distension, or indigestion, which are easily mistaken for gastrointestinal disorders. It most frequently affects women over 40 years old, especially those with a family history of ovarian cancer or BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations.
• Vaginal cancer: A rare form of cancer that occurs when malignant cells develop in the lining of the vaginal canal.
• Vulvar cancer: Develops in the external genital area, such as the labia majora, labia minora, or Bartholin’s glands. Early symptoms are often subtle, including small ulcers, lesions, or discolored skin patches.
• Fallopian tube cancer: The rarest type of gynecologic cancer, often misdiagnosed as ovarian cancer due to their close anatomical proximity.

7 warning signs of gynecologic cancer

In its early stages, gynecologic cancer often develops silently and can easily be mistaken for benign gynecologic conditions. However, there are seven warning signs that women should never ignore, as early detection greatly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates.

Abnormal vaginal bleeding

This is one of the earliest and most important warning signs of several types of gynecologic cancers, particularly cervical cancer and endometrial (uterine) cancer.

Abnormal bleeding may include:

• Bleeding outside the menstrual cycle
• Postcoital bleeding (bleeding after sexual intercourse)
• Bleeding after menopause

Pelvic or abdominal pain Persistent or unexplained dull pain in the pelvic or lower abdominal area may indicate gynecologic cancers such as uterine or ovarian cancer. In addition to pain, women may experience a feeling of fullness, heaviness, or pressure in the lower abdomen caused by tumor growth pressing on nearby organs.

Difficulty with urination or bowel movements Symptoms such as frequent urination, painful urination, difficulty urinating, or constipation are often seen in patients with ovarian, uterine, or cervical cancer. In some cases, tumors that press against the bladder or rectum may cause a frequent urge to urinate but only small amounts of urine are passed.

Abnormal vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge that is brown, pink, blood-tinged, or foul-smelling may be an early sign of cervical or vaginal cancer. Particularly in postmenopausal women, the presence of bloody or abnormal discharge significantly increases the suspicion of gynecologic malignancy.

Unexplained weight loss Rapid weight loss, fatigue, and noticeable changes in clothing size are typical signs of many cancers, including gynecologic cancer. If you experience weight loss without changes in diet or physical activity, it is important to seek medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and receive timely management.

Loss of appetite, bloating, and early satiety A rapidly growing tumor in the abdomen can create pressure, leading to symptoms such as bloating, feeling full quickly, and mild digestive disturbances. Persistent bloating accompanied by abdominal or back pain should prompt immediate medical attention to rule out malignancy or tumor spread.

Persistent vulvar itching or burning While often caused by poor hygiene or infection, persistent itching, burning, or swelling in the genital area may also indicate vulvar or vaginal cancer. If these symptoms do not improve with anti-inflammatory or antifungal treatment and are accompanied by ulcers, lesions, or discolored patches of skin, prompt examination by a gynecologic specialist is essential.

What causes gynecologic cancer?

Gynecologic cancers can develop from various factors, with several well-established risk factors increasing a woman’s likelihood of disease, including:

• HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection: HPV is considered the leading cause of cervical cancer and is also associated with other cancers in the genital area. There are more than 100 HPV types, among which HPV 16 and HPV 18 account for over 70% of cervical cancer cases.
• Genetic factors and gene mutations: Women carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations face a significantly higher risk of ovarian and breast cancers. A family history of ovarian cancer — such as a mother, sister, or aunt diagnosed with the disease — further increases this risk.
• Hormonal and endocrine imbalance: Prolonged estrogen exposure, often due to obesity, unsupervised hormone therapy, or late menopause, can heighten the risk of endometrial (uterine) cancer.
• Unsafe sexual activity: Having multiple sexual partners or engaging in sexual intercourse at a young age increases the risk of HPV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases, which are indirect causes of gynecologic cancers.
• Age: The risk of gynecologic cancers rises with age. Cervical cancer is most common in women aged 30–50, while ovarian and endometrial cancers are more frequent in postmenopausal women.
• Unhealthy lifestyle: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and drug use weaken the immune system, increasing susceptibility to cervical cancer. Additionally, a diet low in vegetables, high in animal fat, and lack of physical activity can promote the development of malignant cells.

Is gynecologic cancer dangerous?

Gynecologic cancer does not only affect a woman’s reproductive organs but can also have serious and long-lasting impacts on her physical health, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life:

• Affects fertility and motherhood: Many women diagnosed at a late stage require surgical removal of the uterus, ovaries, or fallopian tubes to eliminate the tumor. This procedure often results in loss of natural fertility and, in some cases, the permanent inability to conceive.
• Life-threatening complications: In advanced stages, cancer cells may metastasize to the liver, lungs, bones, or brain, making treatment more complex and significantly reducing survival rates.
• Impact on general health: Cancer can cause fatigue, severe weight loss, and physical weakness. Treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy may lead to hair loss, nausea, and weakened immunity. Even after recovery, patients often face long-term side effects like osteoporosis, hormonal imbalances, or early menopause.
• Psychological and emotional effects: Feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression are common among women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. Physical changes, hormonal fluctuations, and reduced sexual function can also lead to low self-esteem and strain in intimate relationships, affecting overall happiness and mental health.

Diagnostic methods for gynecologic cancer

Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of treatment and improving survival outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancer. However, because early symptoms are often subtle and nonspecific, many women are diagnosed only when the disease has already progressed to an advanced stage.

To improve early detection, physicians rely on a combination of clinical evaluations and paraclinical diagnostic methods, using multiple approaches to accurately identify and assess the extent of the disease.

Medical history assessment and clinical examination

During the consultation, the doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation that includes:

• Personal and family medical history, especially any history of breast, ovarian, or uterine cancer.
• Details about the menstrual cycle and menopausal status.
• Current symptoms such as abnormal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, urinary disturbances, weight loss, or loss of appetite.

A clinical gynecologic examination allows the doctor to visually inspect the vagina and cervix, and palpate the abdominal and pelvic areas to detect any abnormal masses or enlarged lymph nodes.

Screening tests and early detection methods

Several tests may be recommended when gynecologic cancer is suspected, including:

• Pap smear (cervical cytology): Detects precancerous and cancerous changes in the cervix at an early stage.
• HPV DNA test: Identifies the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) — the main cause of cervical cancer.
• Blood tests: Certain tumor markers, such as CA-125, may be measured to support the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Imaging diagnostics

To determine the location, size, and extent of tumor spread, doctors may recommend:

• Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound: Evaluates the uterus, ovaries, and endometrial lining.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Distinguishes between benign and malignant tumors by providing detailed soft-tissue images.
• Computed tomography (CT scan): Assesses the degree of invasion or metastasis to lymph nodes, liver, or lungs.
• PET-CT scan: Detects distant metastases throughout the body and is used for comprehensive treatment planning.

Histopathological biopsy

Even when laboratory tests and imaging results suggest cancer, a biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis. This is the most definitive diagnostic method, in which a small tissue sample is taken from the cervix, endometrium, ovary, vagina, or vulva for microscopic examination. The biopsy allows pathologists to identify cancerous cells and determine the stage and extent of disease progression, providing essential information for treatment planning.

Treatment of gynecologic cancer

The treatment of gynecologic cancer goes beyond merely removing the tumor — it is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary process that combines various therapeutic approaches to control the disease, prolong survival, and improve quality of life.

The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the type of cancer, disease stage, overall health status, and the patient’s desire for future fertility. 

Surgery: This is often the first-line option, especially in early stages, helping to completely remove the tumor and affected tissues. Many modern oncology centers now perform minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery to reduce trauma and shorten recovery time.

Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy beams such as X-rays, protons, or gamma rays to destroy cancer cells. It can be used alone in early-stage disease or in combination after surgery to lower the risk of recurrence.

Chemotherapy: Commonly indicated for advanced-stage cancer. Anti-cancer drugs are administered systemically to kill cancer cells, including those that have metastasized. However, patients may experience side effects such as nausea, fatigue, and hair loss.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy: These modern treatments directly attack abnormal genes or molecules and stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells, offering improved outcomes with fewer side effects.

Palliative care: Plays a crucial role in improving quality of life, providing psychological, nutritional, and emotional support for both patients and their families throughout treatment.

Pain management in late-stage cancer: Applied when curative treatments like chemotherapy or radiation are no longer effective. This humanitarian approach helps relieve pain, ease fatigue, and maintain a positive outlook for patients in their final stages.

How to prevent gynecologic cancer

Although gynecologic cancer cannot be completely prevented, women can significantly reduce their risk by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, undergoing regular screenings, and taking proactive steps to protect reproductive health. Recommended preventive measures include:

• Get vaccinated against HPV to minimize the risk of infection.
• Have regular gynecologic check-ups and follow recommended cancer screening schedules to detect abnormalities early.
• Practice safe sex — use condoms and limit the number of sexual partners to reduce the risk of HPV and other sexually transmitted infections.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle: eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and keep a healthy weight to strengthen the immune system and slow the growth of abnormal cells.
• Avoid smoking, alcohol, and stimulants to lower cancer risk.
• Treat gynecologic conditions promptly and never ignore warning signs such as abnormal vaginal bleeding or prolonged pelvic pain.
• Take care of mental health: staying positive and balancing work, family, and rest helps support overall well-being from within.

Where to treat gynecologic cancer

Treating gynecologic cancer requires not only a personalized treatment plan but also comprehensive support from medical specialists and care services.

The Oncology Department – Hong Ngoc General Hospital is one of the leading and most trusted medical centers in Hanoi, providing effective, compassionate, and safe treatment solutions for cancer patients.

The hospital brings together a team of highly experienced oncologists and gynecologists, many of whom have worked for years at top national hospitals. From the initial examination stage, each patient receives multidisciplinary consultations to design an individualized treatment pathway tailored to their health condition, cancer stage, and future fertility goals.

With advanced diagnostic imaging and laboratory systems such as the MRI Signa Prima 1.5 Tesla, Voluson Expert 22 ultrasound with integrated AI, and state-of-the-art genetic testing and analysis technology, Hong Ngoc General Hospital accurately identifies the location, size, and extent of tumor spread. Based on these results, doctors determine the most effective treatment approach for each patient.

In addition, the hospital focuses on palliative care, nutritional support, and psychological counseling to help patients maintain good physical condition, mental stability, and a better quality of life throughout treatment.

Patients at Hong Ngoc General Hospital also benefit from a luxurious, five-star hotel–standard environment with full amenities including restaurants, supermarkets, and cafés, ensuring comfort and peace of mind during their stay.

Contact the hotline at 088.646.8306 or 088.662.1046 for consultation.

Note: The information provided in this article by Hong Ngoc General Hospital is for reference only and should not replace professional medical diagnosis or treatment. Patients should not self-medicate. To determine the exact condition, please visit a reputable hospital for direct examination, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment advice from a doctor.

Follow the Hong Ngoc General Hospital fanpage for more useful health information.